How the sweat patch works in 6 steps 汗液贴片工作 6 步

Top: circuit (simplified from Fig. 1c) · Bottom: patch cross-section (schematic) · Use ← → or the buttons; Space to play
上：电路（简化自论文 Fig. 1c）· 下：贴片剖面（示意）· ← → 键或按钮切换，空格键自动播放

PhoneNFC field手机 NFC ICPost office快递站 MCUBrain大脑 PotentiostatMeasurer恒电位仪 · 测量员 MUXSwitch换台按钮 Current sourceBoost, 100 µA电流源 + 升压 WE1 WE2 WE3 WE4 RE · CE Electrodes 电极 IP+ IP−

Lines: green = power · red = data · orange = drive (sweat, cleaning) · teal = measuring
线的颜色：绿 = 供电 · 红 = 数据 · 橙 = 推动（产汗、清洁）· 青 = 测量

−+ Outlet 出口 Chamber 传感腔Electrode+MIP 电极+MIPSEBS, 5 inlets 小孔×5Accumulation 汗液积累 IP gel IP 凝胶Skin, glands 皮肤汗腺 Phone手机Within a few cm离几厘米以内 Drug into skin药被推进皮肤Sweat for ~2 h汗腺出汗约 2 小时 Up through inlets汗穿过 5 个小孔Locks fill up分子钻进锁孔 Current 电流 PB gives electrons普鲁士蓝交出电子Less current flows锁孔堵住，电流变小 log conc. 浓度Line reads concentration校准线把电流换成浓度 −0.5 V pushes out−0.5 V 把分子推出New sweat flushes新汗冲走旧汗

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Note: the layer order follows the paper (Fig. 6a): skin → sweat accumulation layer and IP gel → SEBS (five 0.8 mm holes; gold IP electrodes underneath; carbon and Ag/AgCl electrodes printed on top) → incubation chamber → PET cover with outlet. Thicknesses are not to scale. The circuit is simplified from Fig. 1c: SPI/I²C are left out, the two MUXes are drawn as one, and the phone is added. The paper does not give the reading order or how cleaning is applied across the four electrodes; these are illustrative. The current bar in step 4 is not real data. Source: Rajendran et al., Nat. Biomed. Eng. (2026).
说明：剖面图层的顺序按论文正文（Fig. 6a）：皮肤 → 汗液积累层与 IP 凝胶 → SEBS（5 个 0.8 mm 小孔，背面有金 IP 电极，正面印碳和 Ag/AgCl 电极）→ 孵育腔 → 带出口的 PET 盖层；厚度和比例是示意。电路简化自 Fig. 1c：省略了 SPI/I²C 接口，两个 MUX 画成一个，手机是额外画的；四个电极的测量顺序和清洁方式论文没写，图中只是示意。第 4 步电流条只演示「有变化」，不是论文数据。